The history of prefab housing

Prefab houses have been called since ancient times. And its earliest form is the tent, people are no stranger to the tent. A tent is a portable, can play a shelter, rain, cold temporary accommodation. It is mainly used in military camping training and combat, but also widely used in tourism, field research and other fields. With the development of science and technology and the improvement of People's living standards, mobile homes began to replace tents in the public's view. However, the term mobile home gained international recognition after the International Conference on Modern Architecture held in Brovnik, Yugoslavia, in 1956. Since then, the mobile home has really become an architectural art and get rapid development.

Mobile housing, which originated from the civilian and used in the military, first in the military application is more mature, and then in the civilian construction and temporary construction has also been promoted and applied. Initially, in the early days of the war, foreign troops generally used tents as temporary accommodation and office space. Over time, and as the war progressed, tents were replaced by relatively static field houses, and during the World War II, each army had its own field house. However, as the war continued, the poor mobility of such houses hindered the army's progress, and the army was urged to adopt lightweight, high-strength composite materials, to develop and produce a new type of field activity room to meet the needs. Since then, there have been a variety of military activity room.

At present, the use of countries mobile homes, with their different modes of transport and relocation, generally divided into disassembly transport and overall transport two categories. Disassembly and transportation is mainly composed of standard modules or simple and complex prefabricated components, with the characteristics of multiple disassembly and re-assembly. Its advantages: the use of larger space, comfortable living, wider access to materials, easy to transport. Disadvantages: It Takes a lot of manpower and material to assemble, and sometimes it may require special lifting equipment; it also has certain requirements for site foundations; and it has poor mobility compared with the overall transport housing.

The overall transport housing, that is, the whole house, such as the framework, walls, roof, floor and all the necessary internal equipment can be prefabricated or assembled in the factory, a type of mobile home that can be used by transporting the whole to the site. There are two main types: container type and mobile vehicle type. Advantages: the containerized mobile house can be transported by vehicle, air and sea, and can be used alone, it is also possible to combine several containerized mobile homes into single-story or multi-story buildings: structural stability, earthquake resistance, wind resistance, better protection performance: expand, withdraw faster. The mobile vehicle-based mobile housing mobility is strong. Cons: expensive; prefabricated containerized houses require dedicated demolition and transport equipment.

Although mobile homes have some deficiencies, due to the practical needs of field accommodation and various types of work, at the same time, to meet people's needs for mobility, thus in the military, railway, construction, field operations and other fields have been widely used and developed.